Constructing a Camera Easing Function — Handmade Hero — Episode Guide

0:00Set up to work on camera functionality

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0:00Set up to work on camera functionality

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0:00Set up to work on camera functionality

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5:27Meaningful Fog and AlphaClip parameters

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5:27Meaningful Fog and AlphaClip parameters

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5:27Meaningful Fog and AlphaClip parameters

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9:18Fading floors and moving the camera

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9:18Fading floors and moving the camera

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9:18Fading floors and moving the camera

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11:52Return from OBS crash

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11:52Return from OBS crash

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11:52Return from OBS crash

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13:15Defining our camera clipping boundaries

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13:15Defining our camera clipping boundaries

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13:15Defining our camera clipping boundaries

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14:02Reacquaint ourselves with the fogging and alpha clipping code in CompileZBiasProgram()

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14:02Reacquaint ourselves with the fogging and alpha clipping code in CompileZBiasProgram()

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14:02Reacquaint ourselves with the fogging and alpha clipping code in CompileZBiasProgram()

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18:28Parameterising our fogging and alpha clipping

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18:28Parameterising our fogging and alpha clipping

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18:28Parameterising our fogging and alpha clipping

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19:13Augment game_camera with ExpectedFloorAtZ on which to base our fog and alpha clip parameters

25:47Check out our heavily fogged orphanage

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25:47Check out our heavily fogged orphanage

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25:47Check out our heavily fogged orphanage

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26:55Augment game_state with Alpha and Fog parameters for our in-game camera editor to use

35:20Try out our new fog and alpha controls

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35:20Try out our new fog and alpha controls

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35:20Try out our new fog and alpha controls

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35:47Move the Alpha and Fog from game_state into game_mode_world, and add ExpectedFloorZ to our UI

41:49Try out our camera editor UI

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41:49Try out our camera editor UI

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41:49Try out our camera editor UI

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43:41Swap AlphaMax and AlphaMin in UpdateAndRenderWorld()

44:10See that the alpha fade is being applied in camera space, not world space

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44:10See that the alpha fade is being applied in camera space, not world space

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44:10See that the alpha fade is being applied in camera space, not world space

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44:42Rename FogMax and AlphaMax to FogSpan and AlphaSpan respectively

46:16Find that FogMin is not working as expected

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46:16Find that FogMin is not working as expected

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46:16Find that FogMin is not working as expected

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47:17See how the Fog is computed in CompileZBiasProgram()

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47:17See how the Fog is computed in CompileZBiasProgram()

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47:17See how the Fog is computed in CompileZBiasProgram()

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49:26Remove the NearClipPlane from the Alpha computation in SetCameraTransform()

50:06Continue to investigate our Fog computation in CompileZBiasProgram()

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50:06Continue to investigate our Fog computation in CompileZBiasProgram()

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50:06Continue to investigate our Fog computation in CompileZBiasProgram()

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51:11Fog premultiplied alpha in CompileZBiasProgram()

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51:11Fog premultiplied alpha in CompileZBiasProgram()

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51:11Fog premultiplied alpha in CompileZBiasProgram()

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54:37Make CompileZBiasProgram() correctly blend the fog using premultipled alpha

55:08“That seems like the best plan to me; don't quote me on it.”^α

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55:08“That seems like the best plan to me; don't quote me on it.”^α

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55:08“That seems like the best plan to me; don't quote me on it.”^α

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55:16Hit our "Shader validation failed" assertion in OpenGLCreateProgram()

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55:16Hit our "Shader validation failed" assertion in OpenGLCreateProgram()

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55:16Hit our "Shader validation failed" assertion in OpenGLCreateProgram()

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55:26Fix CompileZBiasProgram() to only multiply in the alpha in the Lerp() call

55:41Adjust our fogging parameters to try and make sense of them

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55:41Adjust our fogging parameters to try and make sense of them

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55:41Adjust our fogging parameters to try and make sense of them

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59:06Bracketing the alpha clip and fogging to contain the player

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59:06Bracketing the alpha clip and fogging to contain the player

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59:06Bracketing the alpha clip and fogging to contain the player

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59:44Expand our notion of camera focus in game_camera to represent a range, for UpdateCameraForEntityMovement() to set

1:06:08Find that our ExpectedFloorMinZ is not as expected

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1:06:08Find that our ExpectedFloorMinZ is not as expected

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1:06:08Find that our ExpectedFloorMinZ is not as expected

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1:08:10Fix the EntityFocusZ computation in UpdateCameraForEntityMovement()

1:08:37Find that the bracket is set correctly, but the alpha is wrong

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1:08:37Find that the bracket is set correctly, but the alpha is wrong

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1:08:37Find that the bracket is set correctly, but the alpha is wrong

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1:09:12Fix the FocusMinZ and FocusMaxZ computations in UpdateAndRenderWorld()

1:09:23Find that our AlphaClip and Fog bracket works beautifully

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1:09:23Find that our AlphaClip and Fog bracket works beautifully

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1:09:23Find that our AlphaClip and Fog bracket works beautifully

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1:09:51Proactive camera interpolation

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1:09:51Proactive camera interpolation

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1:09:51Proactive camera interpolation

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1:13:02Interpolation functions

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1:13:02Interpolation functions

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1:13:02Interpolation functions

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1:15:16Position our hero in her bedroom

1:16:37Traverse the orphanage between rooms

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1:16:37Traverse the orphanage between rooms

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1:16:37Traverse the orphanage between rooms

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1:16:59Change the camera only to interpolate positions when we change rooms

1:18:28Traverse the orphanage to trigger camera interpolation

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1:18:28Traverse the orphanage to trigger camera interpolation

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1:18:28Traverse the orphanage to trigger camera interpolation

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1:19:32Make UpdateCameraForEntityMovement() trigger camera interpolation, keeping track of the FromP and TargetP, and using a tInterpolation value

1:22:22Find that our camera interpolation is linear

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1:22:22Find that our camera interpolation is linear

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1:22:22Find that our camera interpolation is linear

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1:22:41Make UpdateCameraForEntityMovement() use the Square function to interpolate the camera

1:23:43Check out our Squared camera interpolation

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1:23:43Check out our Squared camera interpolation

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1:23:43Check out our Squared camera interpolation

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1:23:53Make UpdateCameraForEntityMovement() use the SquareRoot function to interpolate the camera

1:24:02Check out our Square rooted camera interpolation

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1:24:02Check out our Square rooted camera interpolation

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1:24:02Check out our Square rooted camera interpolation

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1:24:37Interpolation functions¹

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1:24:37Interpolation functions¹

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1:24:37Interpolation functions¹

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1:30:00Understanding rates of change, and polynomials²

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1:30:00Understanding rates of change, and polynomials²

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1:30:00Understanding rates of change, and polynomials²

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1:37:39Shaping our desired interpolation curve³

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1:37:39Shaping our desired interpolation curve³

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1:37:39Shaping our desired interpolation curve³

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1:40:02Bézier curves

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1:40:02Bézier curves

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1:40:02Bézier curves

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1:51:17Plug our derivatives into Desmos⁴

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1:51:17Plug our derivatives into Desmos⁴

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1:51:17Plug our derivatives into Desmos⁴

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1:54:35Make UpdateCameraForEntityMovement() interpolate the camera using our ease-in-ease-out function

1:55:43Check out our camera interpolation

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1:55:43Check out our camera interpolation

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1:55:43Check out our camera interpolation

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1:56:32Q&A

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1:56:32Q&A

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1:56:32Q&A

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1:57:13xxthebigfoxx Q: The site actually had support for variables. It was giving you a slider to edit the values

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1:57:13xxthebigfoxx Q: The site actually had support for variables. It was giving you a slider to edit the values

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1:57:13xxthebigfoxx Q: The site actually had support for variables. It was giving you a slider to edit the values

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1:57:30Try to use variables in a Desmos function⁵

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1:57:30Try to use variables in a Desmos function⁵

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1:57:30Try to use variables in a Desmos function⁵

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2:01:09pythno Q: Could we also describe the easy-in / -out via a sine function?

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2:01:09pythno Q: Could we also describe the easy-in / -out via a sine function?

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2:01:09pythno Q: Could we also describe the easy-in / -out via a sine function?

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2:01:46garethhubball Q: I noticed that you used t*t*t for t cubed. Does C have support for something like t**3 for exponents?

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2:01:46garethhubball Q: I noticed that you used t*t*t for t cubed. Does C have support for something like t**3 for exponents?

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2:01:46garethhubball Q: I noticed that you used t*t*t for t cubed. Does C have support for something like t**3 for exponents?

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2:03:03areriff Q: Have you tested the new transition going up and down the stairs?

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2:03:03areriff Q: Have you tested the new transition going up and down the stairs?

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2:03:03areriff Q: Have you tested the new transition going up and down the stairs?

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2:04:21abarishu Q: By setting the u and v values to negative, you can get things like "overshoot" where the camera goes over and then corrects back. I don't think it will be a good feel in Handmade Hero's case, but for some cases that is really good

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2:04:21abarishu Q: By setting the u and v values to negative, you can get things like "overshoot" where the camera goes over and then corrects back. I don't think it will be a good feel in Handmade Hero's case, but for some cases that is really good

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2:04:21abarishu Q: By setting the u and v values to negative, you can get things like "overshoot" where the camera goes over and then corrects back. I don't think it will be a good feel in Handmade Hero's case, but for some cases that is really good

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2:04:29Try making UpdateCameraForEntityMovement() interpolate the camera using an overshooting function⁶

2:07:50Check out our overshooting camera

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2:07:50Check out our overshooting camera

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2:07:50Check out our overshooting camera

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2:08:38Revert UpdateCameraForEntityMovement() to perform an ease-in-ease-out camera interpolation

2:09:17Save our Desmos curve⁷

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2:09:17Save our Desmos curve⁷

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2:09:17Save our Desmos curve⁷

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2:11:38It's been a pleasure

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2:11:38It's been a pleasure

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2:11:38It's been a pleasure

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